- Foundations of Consciousness

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How Ideas Bend the World into Shape

by Paul Russell

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Copyright 1997 by Paul Russell.

All Rights Reserved.

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This is dedicated to whom it may concern.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

No one can claim to be the originator of any new idea–that is, not exclusively. When it comes to this, we all stand on the shoulders of giants. The work of legions of scientists, historians, philosophers, artists and other thinkers goes into the intellectual environment into which each of us is born, and the debt we owe to each of them is often hard to measure.

When it comes to ideas which touch upon a number of disparate fields, it can be difficult for someone to disentangle all the various influences that may have contributed to the intellectual process by which one’s own ideas have come about. In such a case, perhaps others are better qualified for such a task.

In this case, I believe, it would be impracticable for me to separate out and give proper credit to all those who have had a part in laying the groundwork for the ideas presented herein, so I will not make the attempt within these pages. Rather, I would refer the reader to histories of those various fields touched upon in this work, so that those who so justly deserve the credit for their contributions can receive their proper acknowledgment.

PART ONE

VIEWS OF THE WORLD: AN IDEOLOGICAL THEORY OF COGNITION

1. Introduction: Thinking about Cognition

2. Systems of Thought

          1. Mythology

         2. Theology

         3. Philosophy

         4. Scientific knowledge

3. History of Concepts Relating to Human Thought

         1. Theological concepts of the mind

         2. Philosophical concepts of the mind

         3. Scientific concepts of the mind

4. Towards an Ideological Theory of Cognition

         1. Show and tell

                  1. Religious institutions

                  2. Political organizations

                  3. Academic establishments

                  4. The street

         2. Thoughts into words

                  1. The struggle over definitions

                  2. A window into the mind

         3. Concepts into frameworks

                  1. Grasping basic principles

                  2. Making new connections

                  3. Making sense of it all

5. Ideological Theory of Cognition within a Larger Worldview

         1. Naturalism as an ideology

         2. Logic, ethics and aesthetics

         3. Scientific knowledge as ontology and cosmology

         4. Cognitive theory as epistemology

PART TWO

IDEAS THROUGH TIME: LOOKING BACKWARD AND FORWARD

6. Correlations between Ideology and History

         1. Historical contexts help shape ideologies

         2. Ideologies help shape historical events

         3. The role of the individual in the process

         4. Cognitive behaviorism

7. Towards a Theory of Conceptual Evolution

         1. The influence of ideas upon each other

         2. The clash of cognitive subcultures

8. The Shape of Things to Come?

         1. The building of interdisciplinary bridges

         2. The rise of organized naturalism

         3. The persistence of diversity